Qualitative Project Observational Methods - 1360 Words

Qualitative Project: Observational Methods Outline 14.1: Introduction The choice to conduct observational research is based on the questions we want to answer. This form of research needs to be approached with the knowledge in mind that this type of psychological observation is inferential in nature. 14.2: What is observational research? Observational research can be both a standalone and an integrated research method. Observational studies can be conceptualized into four core dimensions: Theory testing-exploratory This first dimension determines the extent to which the study wishes to test existing theories. In contrast, exploratory studies are used in a more descriptive way. They are a form of ‘reconnaissance’, that can be revisited†¦show more content†¦A complete observer remains completely detached from the group they are studying. They have no direct contact with group members. An observer as a participant joins a group with the expressed intention to observe them. Advantages of this position are access to material, even private information. In this role the observer can ask questions. Disadvantages can include issues of confidentiality, and marginality since they are only partly part of that group. The participant as observer differs from the observer as a participant in that the former is more active within the group than the latter, the latter being more reactive. Advantages are familiarity within the group and with their role, with a mor e subjective and sympathetic overall understanding. Disadvantages are limited access to private information as well as more energy being spent on participating than observing. A complete participant is fully involved with the group and conceals the observations from them. Advantages are that the observer develops an intimate understanding of a particular role and has access to the thoughts, feelings and intuitions of participants. Disadvantages are that the observer turned participants must subsume their own identity in order to become part of the group they mean to study, and it is ethically wrong to observe a group without consent. 14.3: Levels of observation: